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Javascript

search / march / charAt ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ

by oranssy 2022. 8. 23.
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โญ๏ธ ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด ๊ฐ์ฒด ( search / march / charAt ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ ) โญ๏ธ


01. ํ‘œ์ค€ ๋‚ด์žฅ ๊ฐ์ฒด์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜ : ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด ๊ฐ์ฒด

ํ‘œ์ค€ ๋‚ด์žฅ ๊ฐ์ฒด(Standard Built-in Object)๋Š” ์ž๋ฐ”์Šคํฌ๋ฆฝํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ์ฒด๋“ค์„ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ์ฒด์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ฒด ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‚ด์žฅ ๊ฐ์ฒด์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์—๋Š” Object, Fuction, String, Array, Math, Number, Event, Boolean, Data, RegExp ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ ์ค‘์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด ๊ฐ์ฒด(String Object)๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ์ €์žฅ/๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

   ___ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ___
  `1   ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ''"" ๋”ฐ์˜ดํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, new ํ‚ค์›Œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  `2   ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด ๊ฐ์ฒด๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋ณ€์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋กœ์จ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์ ˆ์•ฝ๊ณผ ๋ณด์•ˆ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๋™์‹œ์„ฑ์˜ ํŠน์ง•๋„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
      

02. search ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ

๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์—์„œ ํŠน์ • ๋ฌธ์ž์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ , ์ฐพ์€ ๋ฌธ์ž ๋˜๋Š” ํŒจํ„ด์˜ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์œ„์น˜์˜ index ๊ฐ’์„ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
indexOf( )์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, search ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ๋Š” ์ •๊ทœ์‹ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

[1] search( ) ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ์˜ ํ˜•์‹

"๋ฌธ์ž์—ด".search(๊ฒ€์ƒ‰๊ฐ’); "๋ฌธ์ž์—ด".search(์ •๊ทœ์‹ ํ‘œํ˜„);
// search( ) ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ์˜ ๋ฆฌํ„ด ----------------------------------------------------------------
const str1 = "javascript reference";
const currentStr1 = str1.search("javascript"); // 0
const currentStr2 = str1.search("reference"); // 11
const currentStr3 = str1.search("j"); // 0
const currentStr4 = str1.search("a"); // 1
const currentStr5 = str1.search("v"); // 2
const currentStr6 = str1.search("jquery"); // -1 ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉด -1์˜ ๊ฐ’์ด ๋‚˜์˜ด
const currentStr7 = str1.search("b"); // -1
const currentStr8 = str1.search(/[a-z]/g); // 0 // j์˜ ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ’์„ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜. ์ •๊ทœ์‹ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ

03. march ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ

๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์—์„œ ํŠน์ • ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ , ์ฐพ์€ ๋ฌธ์ž ๋˜๋Š” ํŒจํ„ด์˜ ๋ฐฐ์—ด์„ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

[1] march( ) ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ์˜ ํ˜•์‹

"๋ฌธ์ž์—ด".match(๊ฒ€์ƒ‰๊ฐ’); "๋ฌธ์ž์—ด".match(์ •๊ทœ์‹ ํ‘œํ˜„);
// march( ) ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ์˜ ๋ฆฌํ„ด ----------------------------------------------------------------
const str1 = "javascript reference";
const currentStr1 = str1.match("javascript"); // [javascript]
const currentStr2 = str1.match("reference"); // [reference]
const currentStr3 = str1.match("r"); // [r]
const currentStr4 = str1.match(/reference/); // [reference]
const currentStr5 = str1.match(/Reference/); // null // ๋Œ€์†Œ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•จ
const currentStr6 = str1.match(/Reference/i); // [reference] // i ํ”Œ๋ž˜๊ทธ๋กœ ๋Œ€์†Œ๋ฌธ์ž ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ์„ค์ •
const currentStr7 = str1.match(/r/i); // ['r', 'r', 'r']
const currentStr8 = str1.match(/e/i); // ['e', 'e', 'e', 'e']

04. charAt ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ

charAt ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์˜ n ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

[1] charAt( ) ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ์˜ ํ˜•์‹

"๋ฌธ์ž์—ด".charAt(์œ„์น˜๊ฐ’);
// charAt( ) ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ์˜ ๋ฆฌํ„ด ----------------------------------------------------------------
const str1 = "javascript reference";
const currentStr1 = str1.charAt(); // j
const currentStr2 = str1.charAt(0); // j // 0๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์ž์ธ j๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜
const currentStr3 = str1.charAt(1); // a // 1๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์ž์ธ a๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜
const currentStr4 = str1.charAt(2); // v
const currentStr5 = str1.charAt(3); // a
const currentStr6 = str1.charAt(4); // s
const currentStr7 = str1.charAt(5); // c
const currentStr8 = str1.charAt(6); // r
const currentStr9 = str1.charAt(7); // i
const currentStr10 = str1.charAt(8); // p
const currentStr11 = str1.charAt(9); // t
const currentStr12 = str1.charAt(10); // ' '(๋นˆ ์นธ)
const currentStr13 = str1.charAt(11); // r
const currentStr14 = str1.charAt(12); // e
const currentStr15 = str1.charAt(13); // f
const currentStr16 = str1.charAt(14); // e
const currentStr17 = str1.charAt(15); // r
const currentStr18 = str1.charAt(16); // e
const currentStr19 = str1.charAt(17); // n
const currentStr20 = str1.charAt(18); // c
const currentStr21 = str1.charAt(19); // e // ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด์˜ ๋งจ ๋
const currentStr22 = str1.charAt(20); // // ๋ฌธ์ž๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•„๋ฌด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•ˆ ๋‚˜์˜ด
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